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|capital = Belgrade |national_motto = |national_anthem = ''Боже правде'' Bože pravde God of Justice |common_languages = Serbian〔http://www.umsl.edu/services/govdocs/wofact2003/geos/yi.html〕 |title_leader = President |leader1 = Slobodan Milošević (first) |year_leader1 = 1992–1997 |leader2 = Boris Tadić (last) |year_leader2 = 2004–2006 |title_deputy = Prime Minister |deputy1 = Radoman Božović (first) |year_deputy1 = 1992–1993 |deputy2 = Vojislav Koštunica (last) |year_deputy2 = 2004–2006 |legislature = National Assembly |stat_year1 = 2006 |stat_area1 = 88361 |stat_pop1 = |currency = (2003-2006) |footnotes = }} The Republic of Serbia ((セルビア語:Република Србија / ''Republika Srbija'')) was a constituent country of Serbia and Montenegro (Federal Republic of Yugoslavia) between 1992 and 2006. With Montenegro's secession from the union with Serbia in 2006, both became sovereign states in their own right. After the League of Communists of Yugoslavia collapsed in 1990, the Socialist Republic of Serbia led by Slobodan Milošević's Socialist Party (formerly Communists) adopted a new constitution, declaring itself a constituent republic with democratic institutions within Yugoslavia, and the "Socialist" adjective was dropped from the official title. As Yugoslavia broke up, in 1992 Serbia and Montenegro formed a new federation, called the Federal Republic of Yugoslavia, and after 2003, Serbia and Montenegro. Serbia claimed that it was not involved in the wars in Bosnia and Croatia. However the Serb rebel entities both sought direct unification with Serbia. SAO Krajina and later the Republic of Serbian Krajina sought to become "a constitutive part of the unified state territory of the Republic of Serbia".〔(Prosecutor v. Milan Martić Judgement ). p. 46. International Criminal Tribunal for the former Yugoslavia. Accessed 13 September 2009. (On 16 March 1991 another referendum was held which asked "Are you in favour of the SAO Krajina joining the Republic of Serbia and staying in Yugoslavia with Serbia, Montenegro and others who wish to preserve Yugoslavia?". With 99.8% voting in favour, the referendum was approved and the Krajina assembly declared that "the territory of the SAO Krajina is a constitutive part of the unified state territory of the Republic of Serbia".)〕 Republika Srpska's President Radovan Karadžić declared that he did not want Srpska to be in a federation alongside Serbia in Yugoslavia, but that Srpska should be directly incorporated into Serbia.〔''Daily report: East Europe, Issues 191-210''. Front Cover United States. Foreign Broadcast Information Service. Pp. 38. (A recorded conversation between Branko Kostic and Srpska's President Radovan Karadzic, Kostic asks whether Karadzic wants Srpska to be an autonomous federal unit in federation with Serbia, Karadzic responds by saying that he wants complete unification of Srpska with Serbia as a unitary state similar to France.)〕 While Serbia acknowledged both entities' desire to be in a common state with Serbia, both entities chose the path of individual independence and so the Serbian government did not recognise them as part of Serbia, or within the Federal Republic of Yugoslavia. Although Serbia managed—at least nominally—to stay out of the Yugoslav wars until 1998 when the Kosovo war broke out, the 1990s were marked by an economic crisis (including the world record hyperinflation in the mid-1990s), the wars in the neighborhood, a refugee crisis, and the authoritarian rule of Slobodan Milošević. After the opposition came to power in 2000, Serbia (viewed in the international community differently from Montenegro whose leadership had become a western outpost since 1998) began its transition in reconciliation with western nations, a decade later than most other east European countries. As a result of this change, the sovereign country FR Yugoslavia began to slowly re-integrate itself internationally following a period of isolation caused by sanctions which were now gently easing. ==Background== With the collapse of the Socialist Federal Republic of Yugoslavia (SFRY) in 1992, the two remaining constituent republics of Serbia and Montenegro agreed to form a new Yugoslav state which officially abandoned communism in favour of forming a new Yugoslavia based upon democratic institutions (although the republic retained its communist coat of arms). This new rump Yugoslavia was known as the Federal Republic of Yugoslavia (FRY). The Socialist Republic of Serbia became known as the Republic of Serbia in 1990 after the League of Communists of Yugoslavia collapsed, though former Communist politicians would exercise influence for the first ten years, as the ruling Socialist Party of Serbia was directly descended from the League of Communists of Serbia. Serbia appeared to be the dominant republic in the FRY given the vast size and population differences between the republics; internally however, the two entities functioned independently while with regard to foreign affairs, the federal government had comprised Montenegrins as well as Serbians. 抄文引用元・出典: フリー百科事典『 ウィキペディア（Wikipedia）』 ■ウィキペディアで「Republic of Serbia (1992–2006)」の詳細全文を読む スポンサード リンク
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